ABSTRACT
Invasive cervical cancer is defined as cancer spread from the surface of the cervix to deeper cervical tissue, possible spread to part of the vagina, to the lymph nodes, to the other tissues surrounding the cervix, within the pelvis, or beyond the pelvic areas into nearby organs. In the United States, the incidence of cervical cancer ranges from 1.5 to 12 cases in 100,000 pregnancies. About 1% of people who have cervical cancer are pregnant at the time of diagnosis. Pregnancy-induced changes in the cervix include hyperemia, eversion of columnar epithelium, more prominent glands, and increased production and volume of mucus. In pregnancy, the general philosophy for the treatment of intraepithelial neoplasia of the cervix has become expectant management after careful diagnosis. Invasive cervical cancer is defined as cancer that has invaded deeper than 5 mm into the cervical stroma, is grossly visible, or involves additional structures.
