ABSTRACT
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are easily deployable in distinct areas such as agriculture, environment, hospitals, construction, and industry, etc. for continuous monitoring and data aggregation. Practically, WSNs are dynamically deployed with the help of a set of wireless sensor nodes, access points that are connected through wireless links. In a network, the key parameters may get changed at any instance, which leads to communication failure and instantiate memory and energy and computing constraints; hence, dynamic network characteristics and computational intelligence (CI) based medium-access control (MAC) routing protocols are required to continue the communication with minimal interruption. Prominent features of WSN such as self-adaptation and self-organization save a lot of traditional network resources. These challenges, together with the importance of MAC and routing protocols in setting up links between sensor nodes, make this field a prominent research area.
