ABSTRACT
Heavy metal accumulation is increasing rapidly because of various natural as well as anthropogenic activities. Due to their non-biodegradable nature, they persist for a long time in the environment and enter the food chain via crop plants, then ultimately get accumulated in human beings through the process of biomagnifications and pose a threat to human health as well as the whole ecosystem. That is why the remedy of contaminated soil is of utmost significance. The phytoremediation technique is eco-friendly and cost-effective for the regeneration of polluted land. For efficient phytoremediation, it is a must to understand the mechanism of heavy metals tolerance, and accumulation in plants is a necessary condition. This chapter covers various mechanisms viz, uptake of metal, their detoxification, and translocation in detail.
