ABSTRACT
The peculiar features of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), such as their physicochemical, electrical, thermal, mechanical properties, and their large surface area, offer great potential for emerging research in GNR-based biomedical systems. These nanoribbons are lengthened strips of a single layer of graphene furnished with sp2 hybridized carbons. They are synthesized by converting precursor molecules, exfoliation of carbon nanotubes, or cutting of graphene materials. Upgrading of these existing properties of GNRs with functionalization and doping expands the advanced applications of GNRs. The amphiphilic nature of the oxygenated derivatives of GNRs offers tremendous potential in biomedicine. GNRs are exploited mainly for biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, sensing, antimicrobial therapy, photothermal therapy, bone regeneration, gene delivery, and imaging.
