ABSTRACT
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a disease that develops in genetically susceptible individuals, particularly in children, due to the destruction of pancreatic beta-cells leading to metabolic alterations, systemic inflammation, and vascular complications. Routine monitoring of key biochemical and physiological parameters is important for effective control of diabetes mellitus, and requires the development of novel minimally invasive or noninvasive methods. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors expressed either in tissues (RAGEs) or in the peripheral blood (sRAGEs) are promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers; however, there is a lack of protocols enabling their noninvasive assessment. The same is true for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which is a well-established marker of diabetic decompensation. We developed original spectrofluorometer and a new approach to accurate noninvasive evaluation of HbA1c concentrations (within the range of 5%–12%) and sRAGE levels (within the range of 650–2200 pg/ml) in children with diabetes mellitus type 1 by analyzing skin fluorescence intensity at 408, 452, and 659 nm, and 363, 408, 452, and 659 nm, respectively. We confirm that gender, age, sexual maturity, and skin phototype should be taken into consideration, and multivariate regression analysis is effective in developing protocols of noninvasive detection of carbohydrate metabolism-related parameters with UV-induced fluorescence spectroscopy.
