ABSTRACT
The distribution generation system is considered to be one of the leading components of the electrical grid structure and is gaining more importance, particularly in the smart grid model. Due to the increasing penetration of distributed generation (DG) sources, the modern distributed system structure has been significantly enhanced. Traditional distribution network protection schemes are vulnerable to serious threats owing to the presence of multiple DG units. Due to the high level of DG penetration integration, there is a problem of overcurrent. Due to a high fault current, the relay coordination time interval constraint may be violated. This chapter presents the solution for relay coordination by considering the penetration issue. The water cycle algorithm was used to optimize the coordination of relays with regard to practical constraints.
