ABSTRACT
Smart grids are electric grids that utilize advanced technologies of monitoring, control, and communication to supply reliable and secure energy, improve the efficiency of the system, and provide flexibility to the prosumers. The beginning of the smart grid era and the development in modern infrastructures of metering, communication, and energy storage have revolutionized the power grid. Smart grids are developed with complex physical networks and cyber systems thus enabling smart grids for the Internet of Energy (IoE). IoE is the cloud where sources of power generation and loads of power consumption are embedded with intelligence. Modern electric power grids are integrated with sensors used to provide measurements. The sensor measurements and the complex applications of various sensors cause a need for Cyber-Physical System (CPS). CPS is a class of systems that integrates physical process, computation, and networking. The CPS model of the smart grid helps in modeling and simulation for evaluation of the system performance and characteristics. The CPS model of the smart grid must enable the smart grid to be robust, 2allow future extensions, and compatible with web service technologies. The power generation sources and loads such as smart buildings are the physical layers, the sensors used for measurements form the cyber-physical integration and the data storage and processing using IOE forms the cyber layer of the smart grid. The CPS model of the smart grid helps in the integration of intelligent devices and allied information and communication technologies for robust and reliable operation in smart grids. In the smart grid paradigm, the energy management system has a vital role to increase the efficiency and reliability of the system. This chapter presents a CPS model for smart grid and the challenges associated with the development of the CPS model. In addition, this chapter describes the energy management system model of the smart grid.
