ABSTRACT
This Chapter deals with the primary and secondary prevention of torture. As an example of primary prevention, preventive monitoring of places of detention is described including some of the primary stakeholders carrying out this activity at national and international levels. Secondary prevention through the scrutiny of states is also described including its stakeholders with particular emphasis on the United Nations (UN) human rights treaty bodies and special procedures, regional bodies and civil society organizations. The last part of the Chapter deals with the role of medical doctors in both the prevention and scrutiny of torture and underlines the important roles doctors can play at both international and national levels. This section also briefly deals with the prevention of medical complicity in torture.
