ABSTRACT
Metallic nanoparticles (NPs), metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs), and their composites have played a pivotal role in the development of new and efficient technologies for a wide variety of applications. The recent introduction of green synthesis routes for the production of nanomaterials is a landmark achievement that has accelerated research based on nanotechnology. The nanomaterials produced by environment-friendly methods have been found to display excellent optical, electronic, magnetic, photocatalytic, and biomedical properties owing to their nontoxic nature, higher specific surface area, constructive optical bandgap, and large biomedical activity. This chapter offers a complete summary of the various metal oxide composites that have been successfully synthesized using bioengineered routes from various sources of plants, microbes, and chemical routes via sonication and microwave, etc. It also describes the important role that these materials have in applications such as wastewater treatment, drug delivery systems, and photocatalysis.
