ABSTRACT
The human brain and its behavior correlate with its development, its structure, and its function. It is a complex natural system. There is significant interest among neuroscientists in sharing neuroscience data and analytical tools. Neuroinformatics is a scientific study of information processing by nervous systems from a computational perspective. Neuroinformatics is thus an interface between computer science and experimental neuroscience. The exchange of neuroscience data and tools between groups affords the opportunity to differently reanalyze previously collected data, encourage new neuroscience interpretations, nurture uninitiated collaborations, and provide a framework for the further development of theoretically based models of brain function. “Computational neuroscience” is heavily dependent on biology, physics, mathematics, and computation. Through computation, archival, retrieval, and merging of the huge amount of generated data in the form of clinical records, scientific literature, and specialized databases. It is used by “neuroinformatics research” by applying various big data techniques to process and analyze neuroscience data. This chapter provides an introduction to the computational neuroscience and neuroinformatics fields along with their state-of-the-art tools, techniques, data models, and the structuring of data. Moreover, the chapter is an updated unified resource of the existing knowledge and sources for researchers stepping into these fields.
