ABSTRACT
The wireless sensor network (WSN) is a collection of sensor nodes working in collaboration used to monitor a specific physical phenomenon from a Region of Interest. The sensor nodes collect the data about the physical phenomenon and send the data to the base station directly or via other sensor nodes as relay for further processing. Economical and efficient energy consumption of sensor nodes have been the prime design issue for WSNs. The Internet of Things (IoT) is used to interconnect and exchange data among the various devices with sensors. These sensors collect the data and send to the cloud for further processing. WSN and IoT have a vast area of applications such as healthcare, smart city, smart homes, and many more. Different approaches have been purposed to save the energy in WSN and IoT, such as low power communication, clustering and many more. Various low power communication designs have been developed for WSNs and IoT, like 6LOWPAN, LoRa, SIGFOX, and NB-IoT; these complete the large-scale sensor deployment. The work of the chapter is based on the studies of these various low power communication protocols—6LOWPAN, ZIGBEE, SIGFOX, LoRa, and NB-IoT in WSNs and IoT.
