ABSTRACT
Climate change will impact animal health not only by changing the distribution, magnitude, and impacts of disease-causing agents, but also by modifying the determinants of health. The determinants of health are the individual, population, environmental, and socio-economic factors that enable animals to meet their needs for daily living, cope with stressors and challenges, and meet our expectations of them. This chapter introduces and illustrates how climate change will impact animals' food, water, and physical security. It discusses how innate capacities and human assistance will influence animals' capacity to cope with challenge to their health and the implications of changing social needs and expectations in response to climate change and other global pressures. Examples of the relationships between climate change and the determinants of health, as well as examples of how we and animals can respond to these changes, were derived from a narrative literature review conducted in 2021. Animal health will not be protected and maintained in the face of climate change without strengthening links between animal health practice, policy, and research, including social, ecological, and economic sectors that influence the determinants of animal health.
