ABSTRACT
The combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is an effective tool to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proliferation. Moreover, the emergence of drug resistance limits the cART, and hence novel drugs as well as newer objects are necessary. In this pursuance, the research for the drugs that attack HIV reservoirs (like brain, lymph nodes, blood, and digestive tract) has shifted the focus toward plant secondary metabolites (such as coumarins, terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics, lignans, quinones, saponins, etc.). These secondary metabolites have shown promising anti-HIV and neuroprotective activities. This chapter focuses on biodiversity of flora monarchy and presents an overview of the potential of plant extracts against HIV/AIDS along with their functional relationships of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
