ABSTRACT
Lutein is an effective dietary carotenoid that provides significant biological activity and protects from macular degeneration associated with age. However, the oral bioavailability of lutein depends on its solubilisation, degradation, and rate of absorption. To enhance the oral bioavailability of lutein, nanoconjugates with elevated efficacy and stability are being developed at present. This chapter describes the nutraceutical approaches used in designing lutein-loaded nanoconjugates and their potential to be used for human health. The preparation methods, characteristics of preparednanoconjugates, and their delivery profile are explained. Enhanced lutein loading can be achieved by using chitosan polymers, dextran moieties, whey proteins, or medium-chain triglycerides because they stabilise the conjugate electrostatically and control the release of lutein. Besides, an effective reduction in particle size (<70nm) and improved encapsulation efficiency (up to 99.5%) can be achieved. Improving the oral bioavailability of lutein through rapidly dissolving films containing nanocrystals is a new field of exploratory research. This chapter attempts to provide clarification on current research aimed at improving the oral bioavailability of lutein by developing nanoconjugates.
