ABSTRACT
This review provides an overview of emerging nanotechnology-based approaches for alveolar bone and periodontal regeneration. Modern bio-fabrication strategies allow for the assembly of micro/nanoconstructs with biomimetic architectures and physical properties suitable both as bone graft substitutes and as nanodelivery systems. These constructs have been developed using polymers, ceramics, resins, bioactive agents, and nanoparticles. Novel nanotechnology-based scaffolds and carriers, such as polymeric nanoparticles, nanogels, nanofibres, and nanofillers, provide promising clinical approaches to target the regeneration of dental tissues, including dentin, cementum, and periodontal ligament. Nanoapatite mineral scaffolds have shown great promise in delivering bioactive agents, such as metformin, and stem cells to stimulate alveolar bone and periodontal regeneration. Recent studies show the potential to incorporate calcium phosphate nanoparticles into dental resins for the delivery of bioactive agents to stimulate pulpal and periodontal ligament stem cells. These cutting-edge researches in stem cell technology, therapeutic and nanostructured scaffolds, and nanopharmaceuticals and bioactive agents are highly promising for periodontal regeneration and tissue engineering in the oral and maxillofacial areas.
