ABSTRACT
Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by most eukaryotic cells. These vesicles have garnered a lot of attention due totheir therapeutic potential (including drug carriers, tissue repair mediators, and regeneration inducers) and diagnostic applications (such as biomarkers). Prior studies have unveiled the potential of exosome-mediated regeneration therapy in the treatment of bone, kidneys, heart, wounds, brain, cancer, and even COVID-19 diseases. Here, we have explained the biogenesis pathway, isolation, and characterisation methods of exosomes, and discussed the recent advances in exosome applications, focusing on their uses in regenerative medicine. Ultimately, the limitations and future directions of the field are highlighted.
