ABSTRACT
Due to the accumulation of arsenic (As) in water and irrigated areas, As pollution is an environmental problem to sustainable crop production. As pollution of soil through natural and anthropogenic resources threatens all life forms especially human by entering the food chain from plants. The broad scope of arsenic toxicity and its unique complexities with the ecosystem have led to extensive investigations into its physicochemical properties and toxic behavior in biological systems. The purpose of this chapter is to compile the results of recent studies regarding the uptake of metalloid and the factors affecting its influx inside plants. Furthermore, the chapter will discuss the phytotoxic effects of arsenic on growth, yield, metabolic disorders, oxidative stress, as well as antioxidant mechanism as well as the related molecular approaches of mineral homeostatic. In addition, the proposed mechanism induced by plants to reduce the negative impacts of arsenic on plants. These addressed issues are essential to successfully illustrate the problems of arsenic toxicity and contamination. Thus, the remediation of As toxicity from the soil or water is crucially important, several methods has been applied to remediate As such as use of minerals, chemicals, phytohormones, microbes, nanoparticles, etc. However, in the present chapter we will in concern with the phytobial remediation of As as an ecofriendly and cost-effective way.
