ABSTRACT
Foxtail millet is one of the oldest cultivated annual grass plants that contains significant levels of protein, fiber, minerals, and phytochemicals, along with hypolipidemic, low-glycemic index, and antioxidant characteristics. Apart from this, the unique agronomic features of the foxtail millet crop, such as the need for minimal agricultural inputs and ease of growth in difficult terrains, have also increased attention on its research and commercial potential, which can undeniably offer security to the environment and economic benefits to farmers. This chapter focuses on the nutritional and medicinal profile of foxtail millet grains, along with the effect of postharvest processing on the nutrient, antinutrient, functionality, and storability of foxtail millet products. Most of the health-promoting effects of foxtail millet come from its unique protein composition that contains a high content of essential amino acids (EAA), especially methionine. Thus, this chapter also discusses the potential of foxtail millet flour and protein concentrate as a suitable candidate for replacing animal-protein foods, owing to its low cost and excellent functional properties.
