ABSTRACT
The disposal of wastes loaded with heavy metal (HM) pollutants in wastewater poses a significant threat to humans, society, and the environment. The anthropogenic-ecological crisis is severely impact the water reserves as well as the aquatic life. To overcome this problem, green nanotechnology treatment seems to be an eco-friendly, viable, and sustainable approach. The integrated advancement in HM removal methods using algal nanoparticles has gained worldwide attention and acceptance. The chapter focuses on microalgal nanoparticles as adsorbent, their molecular mechanism of action at intracellular and extracellular levels, and genetic manipulation to maximize wastewater detoxification. Microalgae-mediated nanotechnology techniques influence uptake of HM in wastewater and their benefit over other nanomaterials for the efficient remediation are discussed. Moreover, the study also discusses the strategies applied in the algal nanofactory to filter optimal HM ions from wastewater.
