ABSTRACT
Graphene has emerged as the most promising and appealing materials ranging from a one-atom thick two-dimensional sheet of carbon atoms. The most promising and appealing properties of graphene viz. ranging from a one-atom thick, several micron wide two-dimensional sheet of carbon atoms are summarized from an exponentially growing literature, with a particular attention to general description of the graphene structure, electronic, chemical, thermal, as well as mechanical property. Owing to the versatility of graphene properties and projected applications, several production techniques are summarized, ranging from the mechanical exfoliation of high-quality graphene to the direct growth on carbides or metal substrates and from the chemical routes using graphene oxide 2to the newly developed approach at the molecular level. This chapter also deals with quantum confinement in brief and there effects on materials properties. We have emphasized here two-dimensional materials mainly.
