ABSTRACT
Most Volatile organic compounds and heavy metals are well-known carcinogenic and noxious agents and when discharged into the wastewater stands for a severe threat to the human population and the flora and fauna. Volatile organic compounds are generated from wastewater of petroleum refinery. Pollution caused by volatile organic compounds and odorous pollutants in the air can also generates severe ecological problems. The objective of this paper is to analyse various biological methods used for the treatment of heavy metals from industrial wastewater and volatile organic compounds from polluted air and waste water, furthermore the enhancement in the effectiveness of the processes by emerging methods such as the application of genetic engineering for the treatment of heavy metals, biologically activated foam reactor that rapidly ‘eats’ Volatile organic compounds, Non-thermal plasma and ultraviolet light – Bio Trickling Filter for chlorinated Volatile organic compounds, Bioelectrochemical systems for heavy metal removal, etc.
