ABSTRACT
This chapter highlights the adsorption-based purification of water by MOFs. The application of MOFs and their composite in the field of wastewater treatment has been studied by numerous researchers, especially its adsorption capability on various contaminants such as dyes, heavy metals, and PPCPs. These unique hybrid nanoparticles can be modified with various functional groups, tuning their shape, and compound with other nanomaterials to control their hydrophilicity, stability, and enhanced adsorption properties which are suitable for various applications. In contrast to conventional adsorbents (which usually rely primally on the unspecific Van der Waals force), MOFs’ adsorption has been linked to the simultaneous usage of several interactions, including cationic–anionic, hydrogen bonding, Van der Waals interaction, hydrophobic attraction, redox reaction, and π–π stacking. Because of the orientation of their frameworks, MOFs can give better selectivity to a wide range of contaminants than other traditional adsorbents. This is attributed to the enormous number of pores with uniform sizes. To a larger extent, composites of MOFs offer a great advantage over their pristine forms due to their multiple functionalities. Most reported MOFs demonstrated their good stability and returnability based on outstanding adsorption capacity. Thus, MOFs have proven to be promising materials for the adsorption of different classes of pollutants and their practicality.
