ABSTRACT
Present and future demands of energy, the scientific community has developed a number of new promising technologies and even new physicochemical processes for the constitution and operation of most efficient systems to generate, accumulate, transform, and transport energy into its different forms in which solar cell is one of them. A solar cell is a device that stores sunlight and converts it into electrical energy and power and is an example of a photovoltaic device, i.e. a device that generates a voltage when exposed to light and is a potentially important technology of sustainable energy sources for the human civilization. To increase the efficiency of the photovoltaic device, the insertion of porous polymers is a major effort by the researchers in which these materials are used directly in the form of various components of solar cell as well as in improving efficiencies of its components. The increase in porosity decreases the crystallinity of components and increases the amorphous nature, which leads to better photovoltaic performance of solar cells, e.g. increased surface durability, modified anti-reflectiveness, increased hydrophobicity, increased light absorption, and film formation in perovskite solar cells. In this chapter, we have briefly discussed the evolution and applications of various types of porous polymer which can be used in solar cell applications.
