ABSTRACT
The formation of attractive colors of vanadium (V) species in solutions is related to its various oxidation states. This chapter discusses numerous factors affecting the reactivity of V in soils, such as pH and the influence of phosphate, clay minerals, (hydr)oxides and organic substances. It reviews how these factors control equilibrium and time-dependent V sorption/desorption in bulk soils as well as with individual soil constituents. Modeling V reactivity and kinetics were reviewed, and an example of sensitivity analysis of sorption kinetics was carried out using a multi-reaction simulation model. Numerous researchers investigated the influence of phosphate on V mobility in the soil environment. Vanadium is a redox-sensitive element that exhibits a high potential to react with (hydr)oxides in soils, dependent on soil pH and the chemical reactivity of the (hydr)oxide. Inorganic sandy soils tend to exhibit a lower affinity for V than finer textured soils.
