ABSTRACT
Agriculture is one of the oldest and prime activities of the human race. It is an art of cultivating plants and raising livestock. Water is a very precious resource and a driving force in irrigation. The water requirement of the crop depends on the type of soil, crop, and environmental parameters like temperature and humidity. The activities involved in agriculture are painstaking and demanding manpower throughout the process. Soil moisture is the most important parameter in agriculture. It is the level of water stored in the soil. It is influenced by factors such as temperature, characteristics of soil, precipitation, and so on. Water acts as a critical input in agriculture to irrigate and cultivate the plants. An autonomous robot with ultrasonic sensors has been used in agricultural land to reduce manpower and to increase productivity. The proposed system is capable of driving over any terrain for surveillance, monitoring the field, and controlling farm equipment.
