ABSTRACT
In this chapter, an attempt has been made to describe the properties of the different types of soils and rocks found in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). The changing climatic conditions and extreme tectonic processes in the Himalayan region have contributed to the formation of complex and varied physiographic landscapes and geological formations in this region. In order to streamline the explanation of the varied types of soils and rocks in this huge area (~42,000 km2), J&K has been divided into the following four sub-regions based on the major physiographic and geological differences: Kashmir/Jhelum valley, Chenab Valley, Pir Panjal and Tawi Valley (Jammu hills and plains). The major geological formations, topographical details and basic properties of soils and rocks found in each of these sub-regions have been presented separately.
