ABSTRACT
Salt stress is a severe ecological limitation that hinders the normal functioning of plants. An extensive range of alterations in growth and development are provoked by salt stress. Salt stress is one of the most fierce ecological components constraining the profitability of plants on the grounds that a large portion of the plants are sensitive to excess salt. This circumstance has been additionally exacerbated by anthropogenic implementations. Accordingly, there is a much logical burden on analysts to upgrade crop efficiency under salinity stress so as to adapt to the expanding food security risks. Salinity triggers osmotic, ionic, oxidative stress, and a surge in the production of reactive oxygen species. It hampers plant biomass production, photosynthesis, and antioxidative defense system. The plant capacity to endure salt stress is dictated by different biochemical and physiological systems, ensuring normal functioning of the cell, mainly by managing appropriate water relations and keeping up ion homeostasis. A thorough comprehension on how plants react to salty conditions at various levels and an incorporated methodology of joining molecular biology approaches with 202physiological and biochemical strategies are basic for the advancement of knowledge toward this hazard. This chapter adds more to the understanding of different biochemical and physiological changes that occur to plants when exposed to salt stress.
