ABSTRACT
Biofilms are a consortium of composite microbial communities in accordance with surrounding environmental conditions resulting due to physical and chemical factors. Organization of biofilm depends of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) such as polysaccharides and proteins. Biofilms can be found in aquatic, as well as terrestrial, environments. Microalgae act as a primary producer in aquatic environments, and many times, they are associated with other microorganisms symbiotically to form a biofilm, playing a pivotal role in utilizing the nutrients available in the environment leading to the natural remediation of aquatic habitats. In this chapter, we propose a comprehensive revision of the role of algal biofilms in bioremediating wastewater, with insights on the importance of Exopolysaccharide substances.
