ABSTRACT
An over-mounting quantity of saline effluents from different industries, oil–gas fields, and desalination industries has generated a huge quantity of contaminants with detrimental impacts on the atmosphere and human-being health. Saline wastewater is able to produce possible ecological impacts on ecosystems. Available treatment methods mostly suffer from contamination of ecosystem and are no longer preferred. At the end, numerous advanced treatment techniques are being considered for sustainable saline water treatment in the present era. By considering this, a systematic and comprehensive review of emerging technologies for the treatment of saline wastewater is presented. This chapter reviews the trending membrane methodologies in effluent treatment, their merits, and demerits. It also describes membrane fouling, membrane cleaning, and membrane modules. Finally, discussions pertaining to the applications of membrane technology in saline wastewater treatment are also illustrated. The application of innovative hybrid processes intending at lesser energy demand and greater treatment performance has been illustrated.
