ABSTRACT
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are valuable materials that are leader in several unique applications including batteries, supercapacitors, electrocatalysts, gas adsorption, biomedical sensors, antibacterial components, and the like. Such a wide variety of applications is associated with the ease with which these material can be processed, along with their attractive and singular properties such as high surface area, exposed catalytic sites, low density, tunable frameworks, the versatility of the raw materials, and their relatively easy synthesis. Reflecting on these concepts, this chapter provides an in-depth introduction to the concepts for MOFs followed by the synthetic procedures available for their fabrication, and tangible examples from the literature for their diverse range of applications. Emphasis is given to the applications of MOF’s as sensors which brings out most of their singular features in comparison to other nanomaterials as they can store different types of gases in more economically feasible ways, adsorb as well as identify highly toxic substances that are commonly used in the industry or other warfare chemicals that can impose immediate danger to human life. The mechanisms and approaches for the use of MOFs to identify specific biomolecules for accurate diagnosis as well as their capability to track and eliminate pathological bacteria are also reviewed.
