ABSTRACT
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are novel metal-coordinated materials that have attracted attention recently as a result of their fascinating properties with numerous uses in analytical electrochemistry, electrocatalysis, and energy storage. In the presence of specific conditions such as alkaline media, MOF metal nodes display a redox pair (M(II)/M(III)) which is useful in the electrocatalysis of organic and inorganic molecules. This feature has been implemented as the basic key in designing electroanalytical sensors for the selective determination and identification of small organic molecules, biomolecules, or toxic pollutants by using diverse electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, or impedance. Inside electrochemical sensors, MOFs are mixed with conductive nanomaterials to create hybrid composites that combine the physical and chemical properties of both components. MOF composites increase the conductivity of the electrode and improve the analytical parameters in comparison with pristine MOFs. In this chapter, the principle of MOF-based electrocatalysts, their incorporation in electroanalytical sensors, and the trends of MOF materials as catalysts on electrochemical sensors are discussed.
