ABSTRACT
Solutions to Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) can reduce fatalities enroute to hospitals while allowing health experts to serve people far away. Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) and Flying Ad Hoc Networks (FANETs) fit the bill, particularly in underdeveloped nations. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in healthcare are increasing, resulting in hitherto unforeseen complications, obstacles, and dilemmas for public e-health administrators. The value of portable health monitoring for older people and remote support in rural areas has increased thanks to legacy mobile systems and smartphones. According to studies, e-health is evolving due to rising technologies such as Web-based, mobile, cloud computing, and the advancement of 5th-era systems. Besides, the WSN reliability and robustness, which might be harmed by interference, are critical for a successful wireless healthcare monitoring deployment. For mobile therapy and medical services, timely and accurate distribution of patient data is crucial. VANETs, for example, is a rapidly expanding healthcare application that is essential to healthcare stakeholders' safety and crowd management. Complexity, unpredictability, dynamic architecture, and high mobility complicate data routing in VANETs and FANETs, crucial for ITSs. The Ad-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol is the most prevalent topology-based routing mechanism for VANET. The performance of AODV, on the other hand, decreases as the number of nodes and relative mobility increase.
