ABSTRACT
In the modern world, various textile and chemical sectors demand a change from classical methodologies to novel approaches based on greener, eco-friendly, and sustainable chemicals and catalytic alternatives at both industrial and laboratory scales. In this context, herein, the catalyst based on the biological molecules shows the various features along with the high potential of environmental and biological applications. The biological catalysts are very efficient in their action as compared to the other chemical-based methods conventionally used. Moreover, there was no production of unnecessary and harmful metabolites as environmental pollutants. Modern research enabled industrial-scale production methodologies for biocatalyst development and immobilization, which is a solid base toward being tailored economically. Nonetheless, it is crucial to reprocess and recover the enzyme for feasibility at a commercial level, and this challenge can be easily accomplished using engineered catalysts by immobilization. In this chapter, we aim to concisely outline the lignin modification enzymes (LMEs) and their immobilization; manganese peroxidase (MnP), lignin peroxidase (LiP), and laccase are of key interest. Moreover, specific importance has been devoted to the recent successful experiments of different LME carriers, immobilized for the detoxification, decolorization, and degradation of the dyes/effluents of the industries.
