ABSTRACT
Increased anthropogenic activities and industrial development have led to severe soil and water contamination by hazardous heavy metals. Thus, the removal of these heavy metals becomes mandatory to eliminate the risks caused to the environment and living beings. Phytoremediation is a promising and green approach that utilizes green plants for the removal of contaminants from the environment in a cost-effective and eco-sustainable manner. This chapter describes the basics of phytoremediation along with its different types, its mechanism, and various factors influencing the entire process. The chapter also presents the possible modifications of phytoremediation techniques to enhance its efficiency in the removal of heavy metals, which creates an opportunity for the wide application of this green technology.
