Predictive Factors for Upshoot and Downshoot in Duane’s Retraction Syndrome

We studied predictive factors for upshoots-downshoots in 196 patients (222 eyes) with Duane’s retraction syndrome (DRS). The upshoots-downshoots were classified into mechanical, innervational or both. Age of the patient had no correlation with the upshoot-downshoot. Both types of upshoots-downshoots were significantly more common in Type III DRS. A highly significant association was found between exotropia and the mechanical upshoot-downshoot, and between vertical tropia in the primary position and the innervational upshoot/downshoot.