ABSTRACT
A model of the process of cracking and local buckling in steel structural elements is presented. The model is based on the concept of plastic hinge and the methods of continuum damage mechanics. It is assumed that all these degrading phenomena can be lumped at the hinges. This new kind of hinge is characterized by two state variables: the plastic rotation and the damage. Based on this damage model, a new finite element is formulated. An elastic beam-column and two inelastic hinges at the ends constitute the element. The stiffness matrix, the yield functions and the damage laws of both hinges define the new finite element. In order to verify the model, several small-scab frames were tested in the laboratory under monotonic loading. A lateral load at the top was applied in a stroke-controlled mode until the ultimate capacity of the frame was reached. These tests were simulated with the damage model and the comparison between model and tests is presented and discussed.
