ABSTRACT
Crop productivity in plants is reduced mostly because of a varied range of surrounding stresses, which are classified according to the nature of the stress, i.e., abiotic (non-living factors) stresses and biotic (living organisms) stresses. Abiotic stress factors include drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, water logging, heavy metals or minerals, etc. Traditional plant breeding systems and transgenic approaches have allowed breeders to produce improved crop varieties with agronomic qualitative/quantitative traits. The ever-evolving innovative advancements in molecular biology and biotechnology have immense potential for the future. Multifaceted reciprocity between a plant and a pathogen and the relevant stress response involves quite a few mechanisms responsible for the outbreak of a disease. To attain resistance against plant pathogens through clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated protein 9, significant knowledge about the genetics of resistance toward a particular disease and interrelated factors is important.
