ABSTRACT
This chapter reviews the challenges of introducing data-driven advanced technologies into healthcare from the perspective primarily of patients and clinicians. This includes revisiting the ethics of healthcare delivery, which is often overlooked in favour of data protection legislation. For advanced technologies including machine learning, artificial intelligence and predictive modelling to be adopted and sustainable over time, its role within healthcare needs to be as a supportive partner and not just a black box. Otherwise, clinicians are unable to comply with the ethical standards associated with their responsibilities towards their patients. Discussion concludes with recommendations for introducing what is effectively disruptive technology into a well-established healthcare and trust-based collaborative socio-technical system. The chapter therefore takes the motivation behind explainable AI from a starting point of explanation to justify, control, improve and discover to a focus on acceptance and co-creation.
