ABSTRACT
Viral vectors have shown great potential for vaccination. Over the past decades, pre‐clinical and clinical studies demonstrated the feasibility of vectors design, robust antigen expression and efficacious immune response using these antigen delivery systems. In this chapter, adenovirus (AdV) and Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) are selected as prototypes, since AdV is a non‐enveloped DNA virus and VSV is an enveloped RNA virus representative of a broad scope of viral properties. The vector design and associated production processes are described. More specifically, classification of serotypes, constructions of vectors, producing cell line selection, and viral vector productions are detailed. Drawbacks of the vectored vaccines such as pre‐existing immunity together with possibilities to address these limitations are discussed in this chapter. Additionally, other recombinant viral vectors that have been evaluated for the design of vectored vaccines including yellow fever virus, poxviruses, paramyxovirus, and arenavirus are briefly presented. Overall, the remarkable progress that led to the licensing of AdV‐based vectored vaccines against Covid‐19, and VSV‐based vectored vaccine against Ebola infection with numerous other vectored vaccines in late‐stage clinical trials indicate that viral vector platform technology is well positioned as a safe rapid response to emerging and re‐emerging infectious disease.
