ABSTRACT
The new developments in the area of technology have led to Industry 4.0. It is evolving from automation to cyber-physical. It applies digital technologies for process automation, data exchange, and decision-making using cloud technology, data analysis, internet of things (IoT), wireless connectivity, cryptography, relational databases, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and query by image content. The healthcare industry is also evolving to new standards with new technological innovations such as predictive analysis, preventive medication, personalized medicine, and continuous monitoring. These new standards and practices are named Healthcare 4.0. This chapter aims at the impact of these technological advancements, i.e., Industry 4.0 and Healthcare 4.0, on the existing challenges and shortcomings of healthcare services. It will consider the internet of medical things (IoMT), cyber-physical systems, including biosensors, cloud storage, and artificial intelligence (AI), and customized and automatically initiated medicinal treatments and transforming them into services. Shortly, healthcare services will see rapid improvement as doctors will no longer depend on patient input alone; instead, they will get precise data in real-time. The Healthcare 4.0 paradigm allows patient observation from a remote location as well as monitoring patients pre, post, and during surgical procedures with the help of biosensors. Using this real-time data with data sciences will lead to better diagnosis and timely treatment of major diseases. Further technological advancements with the help of various machine learning (ML) techniques may help in determining the interrelation of various diseases and lifestyle parameters. AI with bio-actuators can provide the intended medication along with other novel strategies to deploy personalized medication. Wearable gadgets (or mobile) with biosensors give input to an AI-based decision-making unit that takes necessary action based on the medical conditions and medical history of the patient. Some simple examples could be sending a Save Our Souls (SOS) message to a family member and doctor or caretaker on a BP shoot up or raising an alarm on falling. These health service advancements are very useful for mankind, yet patient education and training are done thoroughly. Also, it needs a strong technological infrastructure to implement these features. Along with this completely established research, the results on the impact of these innovative techniques are needed. Furthermore, there is a strong need for multidisciplinary discussions, stringent laws/protocols, and thorough tests of accuracy to achieve the optimum level of automation that a healthcare technological initiative can reach.
