ABSTRACT
The productivity of agriculture is impacted by the convergence of several abiotic and biotic pressures brought about by global warming. Abiotic stressors can change plant–pest interactions by making the host plant more vulnerable to pathogenic organisms, insects and weeds, as well as by lowering its ability to compete with them. The opposite is also true; some pests may change how plants react to abiotic stressors. Therefore, thorough research is essential to comprehend the impact of simultaneous abiotic and biotic stress conditions on crop output. However, a comprehensive database on the incidence of different stress combinations in areas with a significant agricultural component is not yet available. Garlic’s (Allium sativum L.) evolution appears to be continuing now, as evidenced by other diversity studies that have been done on the degree of chemical production in a group of garlic collections, including studies on organosulfur compounds and phenolic compounds, both of which are beneficial to human health. According to Kamenetsky et al., garlic grown in its native environment has superior features to those of modern cultivars, including greater pest and disease resistance and better biotic or abiotic stress tolerance. Alliin production is typically increased by garlic plants as a form of defense against bacteria, fungi and herbivores. The plant must create more cysteine and GSH in order to reach higher alliin concentrations, which will lead to an increase in the general metabolism of sulfur. In addition, cysteine will be used to promote more growth in order to make up for the losses caused by herbivory.
