ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology is a material science that involves manipulating matter on the nanoscale. Moreover, nanotechnology has developed products with very different physical and chemical properties. As a result of this advancement, nanotechnology has highly impacted the health status of humans. Nano-based pharmaceuticals play a key role in both diagnostics and therapies. Because nanomaterials provide the potential to promote both new therapeutic and diagnostic tools. Selective targeting, controlled release, and efficacy are the most significant assets of nonpharmacological therapy. But many toxicological aspects also reside in this field. Thus, toxicological evaluation is one of the most important criteria behind the nanoparticle-based pharmaceutical area of research. This better understanding of the toxicological profile may lead to mitigation strategies that could allow the safe use of nanoparticles in humans. Nano toxicity mechanism studies outline how nanoparticles interact with the body at the organ, tissue, cell, and biomolecule level. Therefore, this chapter attempts to address the divergent toxicological impacts of nano-based pharmaceuticals.
