ABSTRACT
Considering the rising environmental damage caused by different pollutants, it is required to measure, exclude, and control these pollutants before their quantities rise in significant levels into the ecosystem. These pollutants in air, water, and soil have unknown toxicity and may cause health problems. Examination of environmental pollutants is an important step to understand and handle risks to the environment and human health. However, there is a crucial requirement to develop fast and trustworthy environmental monitoring methods. The raising volume of destructive pollutants in the environment demands rapid and cost-effective techniques. While extremely sensitive and selective, spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques are timewasting and laborious and also require expensive equipment, experts, and difficult pre-treatments. To remove these difficulties, it is necessary to develop simple, rapid, incessant, cost-effective, and on-field examining methods for analysis of environmental contaminants. In this chapter, different types of detection methods for water, soil, and air are discussed. The chapter will also provide insight on recent progress and developments in low-cost pollutant examination methods including nano-enabled sensors.
