ABSTRACT
Environmental pollution is caused by the introduction of toxic materials like gaseous pollutants, harmful metals, and particulate matter (PM) into the atmosphere; sewage, industrial effluents, agricultural runoffs, and electronic wastes into water bodies; and activities such as mining, deforestation, landfills, and prohibited dumping of litter that cause land pollution. There are various environmental pollutants that we get exposed to on a daily basis and they are metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes by various reactions and pathways. Humans are inevitably exposed to pollutants like pesticides and endocrine and metabolic disruptors in a variety of ways. Along with other factors, metabolism is one element that can influence a pesticide's overall toxic profile. During metabolism, the pesticide is bio-transformed by phase I cytochrome enzyme and then conjugated to more soluble and excretable by phase II. A metabolic enzyme plays a crucial role in changing the chemicals into inert derivatives, which can easily be eliminated from the body.
