ABSTRACT
The chapter discusses the patterns of weather and climate in the Arctic region. The chapter starts with a brief introduction to the Arctic and the geography. Section 2.3 has many subsections, wherein the synoptic conditions causing different weather over the region and the pattern of variability (monthly and seasonal) of the state parameters along with precipitation are discussed. Also, the climatic pattern (for longer time duration) of these parameters is also analysed and discussed using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis dataset. The following Section 2.3.7 discusses the recent observations and trends obtained from the data collected by the Indian researchers during various Arctic expeditions, and the subsection 2.3.8 deals with the effect of Arctic weather and climate on the Northern Hemispheric weather and climate patterns. The impact of climate change is taking a toll on the fragile Arctic ecosystem, and it is being discussed in the subsection 2.3.9. Finally, a summary on the Indian Arctic Programme conducted by the National Centre for Polar and Oceanic Research (NCPOR) is given.
