ABSTRACT
Neurotransmitter plays a vital role in the transmission of chemical and electrical impulse through the neurones via synapse. Neurotransmitter, dopamine, and glutamate are the key chemicals that maintain the equilibrium of the body physiology. Normally, the circulation of neurotransmitter follows the specific receptor-chemical attachment and maintain the balance. When 90a foreign chemical substance alters the circulation of neurotransmitter, will change the equilibrium by alteration of specific receptor-chemical attachments. Basically, the aftereffect of the imbalance will show the mental illness. Due to the degree of alteration, mental illness can be divided into many types like delusion, hallucination, depression, schizophrenia, etc. Now, according to American Psychiatric Association (APA) and World Health Organization (WHO), they are termed the psychosis. The pathophysiology of psychosis is not discovered properly, but some scientific evidences can prove the right mechanism of psychosis. Now, psychosis is modernized as hallucination with characterized by pathologic nature and delusion of pathologic nature or both. Psychosis totally depends on the regulation by neurotransmitter dopamine and glutamate pathway. It consists two pathways. One is Mesolymbic pathway and another one is the mesocortical pathway. In Mesolymbic pathway, dopamine can release more and make imbalance to post neurone whereas, in mesocortical pathway, the release of dopamine is less. It also alters the regulation. The more releasing of dopamine shows the positive symptoms like delusion, hallucination whereas the negative symptoms is based on the release of less dopamine and it shows depression, abolition, flattering of patients. There are many synthetic drugs which exhibit side effects and adverse effects. Here, some natural products show the same effects as synthetic products without any side effects. These belong to glycoside, Saponin glycoside, indole alkaloids. Though there are many plant extracts which shows the similar effects like plant product, but mainly glycosides and alkaloids give the best result.
