ABSTRACT
The modern health-care system relies on elucidating molecular architecture’s intricacies in terms of variation within or between the individuals. Emphasizing the trade-off that occurs at a larger scale between the cellular components, it becomes imperative to know the cellular heterogeneity perceived for a disease’s occurrence. Facing a lot of challenges, elucidation of the mechanisms favoring their survival and expansions inside the host is required to understand the disease’s hallmarks for the timely management of the disease. Multidisciplinary approaches offered by the newly driven technology that operates at the nanolevel have opened up new avenues in the disease diagnosis and therapeutics. With minimal side effects, the increased half-life of payloads (drugs and other substances) in systemic circulation and efficacy achieved via target-specific delivery has revolutionized the biomedical field. Application of the nanomaterial-based contrast agents in different imaging modalities such as fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron electron tomography has broadened the horizons for early-stage detection and diagnosis of the disease. By offering a promising and more significant clinical benefit, nanomaterials are currently being explored for properties that can potentiate their usage in clinics to detect diseases at early stages and broader employment in the diagnosis of the disease. Having shown a shift therapeutics to prognosis of the disease, this study encompasses the recent developments in the field with prejudice on broadening its application in the imaging system as part of its diagnosis.
