ABSTRACT
The world of sensing technology is expanding into new horizons owing to their exceptional selectivity and sensitivity based application. These remarkable sensing progresses have been positively influenced by the conjugation of biology, material sciences, and nanotechnology into an advanced sensing technology. The combination of biology with nanotechnology has allowed 220the sensing technology to enable faster, cheaper, as well as more reliable evaluations and applications in various scientific domains. Thus, a new era in sensing has been developed into nanobiosensing technology. Environmental monitoring, various processes assessment, detections of contaminates, and complex environmental forensics are among the most promising applications of nanobiosensors, and thus, a an important area of research. In this regard, the nanobiosensors containing noncarbon nanomaterials such as metals, metal oxides, their composites, nonmetals other than carbon, and their conjugations have been given significant attention due to their remarkable potential in the area of environmental science and research.
