ABSTRACT
The epidemiological study investigates the causes and development of the disease, treatment, and control methods. The infections due to some food-borne microorganisms can cause severe illness and even death. Controlling these diseases is crucial because the majority of them are contagious. It is mandatory to identify the organism and collect all the possible information, including ancestry, behavior, ecology, virulence, and resistance to control foodborne diseases. Epidemiologists worldwide rely on modern molecular techniques for the identification and characterization of pathogens. This chapter describes the epidemiological analysis of pathogens including Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, Campylobacter jejuni, Yersinia enterocolitica, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Clostridium botulinum, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella sonnei, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella boydii, Shigella flexneri, and Escherichia coli using techniques such as PCR, PFGE, RFLP, MLST, RAPD, MLVA, WGS, CRISPR-HRMA, MALDI-TOF, and DNA microarray.
