ABSTRACT
Coronaviruses (COVID-19), the family of Coronaviridae, is a universally contagious and pathogenic viral infection which is known to contaminate humans and cause severe respiratory diseases. COVID-19 recently appears, and the World Health Organization (WHO) proclaimed it is a pandemic disease. A new family of Coronavirus named the novel CoV was recognized in Wuhan, the city of China, in December 2019, resulting in a redoubtable eruption in many of China’s cities and expanding worldwide. On February 11, 2020, the viral pandemic disease was named the COVID-19 by WHO. Genomic research reveals that the COVID-19 virus is bat originating from the Wuhan Seafood market, China, and has been transmitted to people via unknown intermediate hosts. The COVID-19 viral genome is +ssRNA (~30 kb) ORFs from 6 to 11 having 50 and 30 untranslated regions (UTRs) are included in the genome. COVID-19 has a composition same as SARS-CoV. Spike protein, membrane protein, viral envelope surface protein is incorporated into a host membrane lipid bilayer that encapsulates viral RNA viral helical nucleocapsids. Inhaling or contact with infected droplets is the transmission of the disease and the 2–14 days of incubation time. Symptoms for COVID-19 disease include high fever, weakness, and cough are usually initiated by non-specific syndromes. Special biochemical techniques are used for the diagnosis of the virus in respiratory secretions; Standard laboratory results include low WBC levels and abnormal CRP levels. The computed tomography (CT) chest scan is normally irregular, even though there are no signs or symptoms of sickness. Since the therapy is mostly successful, it is also necessary to decide how antiviral agents work. Home quarantine of suspected and minor illness cases is one way of preventing, and the implementation of strict hospital infection prevention measures, including touch and droplet precautions. The vaccine against COVID-19 has been developed in around 90 institutions worldwide, and it is considered to be an effective prophylactic strategy for control and prevention. Sadly, the WHO on world health scientific advancement to combat the new Coronavirus is addressed.
